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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*dod- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"become satiated, full face="Times New Roman Star"íàñûùàòüñÿ, íàïîëíÿòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"tod- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tod|- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"doj- face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"to.j- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"toz- face="Times New Roman Star"doj- face="Times New Roman Star"doj- face="Times New Roman Star"tos- face="Times New Roman Star"tos- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"tod- face="Times New Roman Star"túw|ran- face="Times New Roman Star"tot- face="Times New Roman Star"tot- face="Times New Roman Star"to't- face="Times New Roman Star"do't- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"doj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"toj- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 483, EDT 451, ÝÑÒß 3, 251-252, Stachowski 227.
face="Times New Roman Star"*top face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"all, completely; complex, collection face="Times New Roman Star"âåñü, öåëèêîì; ñîâîêóïíîñòü face="Times New Roman Star"top (OUygh.), top-la- 'to collect' (Orkh., OUygh. - YB ) face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"tuplyq 'place where cattle is lying', tupla- 'to collect' face="Times New Roman Star"top (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"to.p face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"tobo:- 'to gather' face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"tup face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"top face="Times New Roman Star"topla- 'to collect' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489, EDT 493. Clauson considers the form top (rare in OUygh.) to be contracted < tolp < tolup < tol- 'to be full', which is quite dubious phonetically.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tor face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"net for catching birds or fish face="Times New Roman Star"ñåòü face="Times New Roman Star"tor (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tor (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"tor (Abush. , Sangl. ) 'net, hair net' face="Times New Roman Star"to.r face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"tu:%r face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"tur face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"tor face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 2, No 954, EDT 528, Ëåêñèêà 419-420. The relationship to *dur/ak 'trap' (ÝÑÒß 3, 289-290, Ëåêñèêà 420-421) is not quite clear.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tut- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to grasp face="Times New Roman Star"äåðæàòü, õâàòàòü face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (MK , KB , IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tot- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (Sangl. , Abush. , MA ) face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tyt- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tu't- face="Times New Roman Star"tu't- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tot- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"tut- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 502, EDT 451, Åãîðîâ 268-269, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 268-269, Stachowski 233.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tu":k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 feather 2 (animal's) hair 3 (body) hair 4 fur 5 hair face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïåðî 2 øåðñòü (æèâîòíîãî) 3 âîëîñ (íà òåëå) 4 ìåõ 5 âîëîñ face="Times New Roman Star"tu" 1, 3 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tu" 3 (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j 1-5 face="Times New Roman Star"to"k 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k, tu"j, tu"g 3 (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tuk 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1,2,3,5 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j 2,3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ti:k 3 face="Times New Roman Star"t@w|k 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu": 1, 2, 3, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"tu": 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"du"k 3, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"du"k (Ðàñ. ÔèË ), tu"k 2, 3, 5 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"to"k 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tik, t/uk 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tu"x, z|/u"x 2 (ÑÑß ) face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 503; EDT 433 (: originally only 'body hair', opposed to sac? 'hair of head', kyl 'hair (in general)' and ju"g 'feather'); Ëåêñèêà 197-198; Stachowski 236. Loss of *-k in OT and Yak. is not quite clear (perhaps a rather unique development of the final *-u":k).
face="Times New Roman Star"*u:c? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"end, edge face="Times New Roman Star"êîíåö, êðàé face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"u>c? face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"uz?| face="Times New Roman Star"u:c? face="Times New Roman Star"us face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|s/ face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk face="Times New Roman Star"us? face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"u>s? face="Times New Roman Star"us? face="Times New Roman Star"u>s face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"us? face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17-18, ÝÑÒß 1, 611-612, Stachowski 241. The derived *u:c?-yk 'end (of thread etc.)' (ÝÑÒß 1, 615-616) > Mong. uc?ig 'end of thread') (despite TMN 2, 135).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ud face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"ox, bull face="Times New Roman Star"âîë, áûê face="Times New Roman Star"ud (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ud| (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"uj (Áîð. Áàä. , Abush. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"uj face="Times New Roman Star"ut face="Times New Roman Star"uj face="Times New Roman Star"uj face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 34, ÝÑÒß 1, 572-573, Ëåêñèêà 434-435 ( > MMong. uj, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 161).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ubyg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sticks supporting the upper rim of a yurt face="Times New Roman Star"æåðäè, ïîääåðæèâàþùèå âåðõíèé êðàé þðòû face="Times New Roman Star"ug| (MK); ujug|lug| ( = uvug|lug|) 'tent pole' (MK) face="Times New Roman Star"hug| 'hut' face="Times New Roman Star"ug| (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"u:g| (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"oq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"u:q face="Times New Roman Star"ug|, u: 'house, yurt' (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"u: 'das Stangenrippe der Jurte, u"ber welches die Filzdecken ausgebreitet werden' (R - Teleut) face="Times New Roman Star"u:q face="Times New Roman Star"u>wyq face="Times New Roman Star"uwyq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 76, 271, VEWT 510, TMN 2, 150-151, ÝÑÒß 1, 583, Ëåêñèêà 517-518.
face="Times New Roman Star"*uk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"kin, tribe face="Times New Roman Star"ðîä, ïëåìÿ face="Times New Roman Star"uq ? oq 'kin, tribe' face="Times New Roman Star"uq ? oq (MK ) 'share of inheritance' face="Times New Roman Star"uq face="Times New Roman Star"júw|x face="Times New Roman Star"uq face="Times New Roman Star"u>q (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, ÝÑÒß 1, 582-583, Åãîðîâ 76. The OT words are sometimes erroneously united with *ok 'arrow' (thus in EDT 76).
face="Times New Roman Star"*u(j)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to be able, capable face="Times New Roman Star"ìî÷ü face="Times New Roman Star"u- (OUygh., Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"u- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"-i-/-j- face="Times New Roman Star"uj- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 510, EDT 5.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u:r/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"master, craftsman face="Times New Roman Star"ìàñòåð face="Times New Roman Star"uz (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"uz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"uz face="Times New Roman Star"uz (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"us face="Times New Roman Star"u:z face="Times New Roman Star"us face="Times New Roman Star"us face="Times New Roman Star"us face="Times New Roman Star"u:s face="Times New Roman Star"u:s face="Times New Roman Star"us face="Times New Roman Star"uz face="Times New Roman Star"uz face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 277, ÝÑÒß 1, 569-570, Stachowski 248.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:puk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 bark (n.) 2 shell face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîðà 2 ñêîðëóïà face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq (Tefs. ) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kabuk 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qapuq 1 (MA , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo|biq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qobuq (R, o-t) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"GabyG 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:byG 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xabyx (Kach.) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xobú 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xavyq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabuq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qap, qaby 1, 2 'external cover, covering' face="Times New Roman Star"qabux 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qabuq 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 234, TMN 3, 368-9, ÝÑÒß 5, 168, Ëåêñèêà 107, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 358.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ysyr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to bite face="Times New Roman Star"êóñàòü face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr-, ysur- 'to bite, to eat' (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr- face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:- face="Times New Roman Star"ytyr-, ysta:- face="Times New Roman Star"yzyr- face="Times New Roman Star"y'syr- face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- face="Times New Roman Star"ysyr- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 167, EDT 251, ÝÑÒß 1, 671-672, Stachowski 262, 263.
face="Times New Roman Star"*kEmu"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 bone 2 spongy bone 3 cartilage face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîñòü 2 ãóá÷àòàÿ êîñòü 3 õðÿù face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kemu"k (MA ) 3, ko"mu"k (Pav. C. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko|mik, ge|mik (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ke:mik 3 face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2 face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kemyk 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251, EDT 722, ÝÑÒß 5, 36-38, Ëåêñèêà 261-262. Turk. > Mong. kemik 'cartilage' (see Ùåðáàê 1997 , 126; but the derivation of the Turk. form from *gemu"r- 'to gnaw' (v. sub *ke>\ma ) is a folk etymology, although some contaminations were possible: Yak. ko"mu"ru"o" 'spongy bone' semantically continues *kemu"k, but formally is derived from *gemu"r-. MK has kemdi- 'to cut meat from the bones' and kemdu"k 'bone with meat cut off' - forms that may be related both to *kemu"k and *gemu"r-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*me:me (*be:me) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 breast (fem.) 2 nipple 3(poet.) breast face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü (æ.) 2 ñîñîê 3 ãðóäü (ïîýò.) 4 ñîñêà face="Times New Roman Star"meme 1, Old Osm. memek (17th c.) face="Times New Roman Star"me|mi, me|me|j 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ma":me 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ma":ma"k face="Times New Roman Star"me:me: 4 face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ma"mma" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"An onomatopoetic root. See VEWT 333, ÝÑÒß VII.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jak- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (tr.) 2 light, ray 3 to produce fire face="Times New Roman Star"1 æå÷ü 2 ñâåò, ëó÷ 3 âûñåêàòü îãîíü face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jak- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jag|- 1, jaqty 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 (Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|q- 1, jo|g|du 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jax- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jag|ty 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ja:q- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s/ot- 1, s/o-dú 2 face="Times New Roman Star"saq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'q- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1, jaqty 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?aq- 1, z?aqty 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 180, TMN 4, 201-202, EDT 897, ÝÑÒß 4, 62, 81-82, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 146, Ëåêñèêà 362. This stem should be distinguished from *jan- 'to burn (intr.)'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bulut (*bulyt) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"cloud face="Times New Roman Star"îáëàêî face="Times New Roman Star"bulut (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bolyt face="Times New Roman Star"bulut (MA ) face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"pylyt face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"pulut face="Times New Roman Star"pulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulyt face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|l@w|t 'sky, cloud' face="Times New Roman Star"bylyt face="Times New Roman Star"bylyt face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bu_lt face="Times New Roman Star"bulyt face="Times New Roman Star"bolot face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"bult face="Times New Roman Star"bu(:)lyt face="Times New Roman Star"bulut face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 88 (the connection with PT *bulga- 'to mix' is not obvious at all); TMN 2, 323; EDT 333, ÝÑÒß 2, 262-264, Ëåêñèêà 24, Stachowski 71. Turk. > MMong. (ÈÌ ) bulut, see Ùåðáàê 1997 , 163. Derived are Kypch. forms like Kaz., KKalp. buldyr 'foggy, cloudy', Kirgh. buldur 'fuzzy, cloudy', Nogh. buldyr 'id.'
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pek face="Times New Roman Star"1 dog 2 hound 3 sheep-dog 4 yard dog 5 puppy face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîáàêà 2 îõîòíè÷èé ïåñ 3 îâ÷àðêà 4 äâîðîâàÿ ñîáàêà 5 ùåíîê face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 (KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1, go"belek 5 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek (Pav. C. , AH ) 1, ko"belek 2 (OKypch.) face="Times New Roman Star"ko.ppa"k 1; ko"pa"k 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pa"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"k 'ethnonym; name of a hero' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe 1 (K) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"belek 3, go"ben it 4 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, TMN 3, 646-647, ÝÑÒß 5, 111-112, Ëåêñèêà 189. Basically an Oghuz word, but cf. also Kum. go"ben, OKypch. ko"belek 'shepherd's dog' (Bulgat, ad-Durr., Houts., AH) = Tur. dial. go"belek 'puppy' (possibly < Kypch.), see ÝÑÒß ibid. Despite ÝÑÒß , Kirgh. qara ko"bo"lo"k 'evil spirit appearing as a girl dressed in black and with a black greyhound' is rather = ko"bo"lo"k 'butterfly' (cf. the archaic mythological motive of evil spirit appearing as a butterfly), but a contamination with the word for dog attested in Old Kypchak also cannot be excluded. However, Kalm. ko"wl@g 'greyhound' is not < Kirgh., but from Old Kypchak. The same source is probable for Russ. êîáåëü, dimin. êîáåëå'ê (a re-analysis?) - the word is absent in other Slavic languages, the list of absolutely hopeless etymological attempts can be found in Ôàñìåð II 267. It was attested for the first time in 1599 as a term for a hounting hound: ó ãîñóäàðåâû öàðåâû îõîòû ó êîáåëåé ó ìåäåëÿíñêèõú; the form êîáåëåê (attested in 1673) see in ÑÐß XI-XVIII, 7, 208. Turk. > Hung. kopo/ 'bloodhound', see Gombocz 1912 (Doerfer in TMN 3, 647 objects, but the word has no Finno-Ugric etymology).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.r-kek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 man 2 husband 3 male face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóæ÷èíà 2 ìóæ 3 ñàìåö face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"irke|k 3 face="Times New Roman Star"erkak 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erka"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"hi.rka"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"irgex 3 face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3 face="Times New Roman Star"irgek 3 face="Times New Roman Star"i'rxek 3 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"irka"k 3 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"a"rkex 1 face="Times New Roman Star"erkek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 297-298, 321-322, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128. We follow Clauson (EDT 223-4) in separating *e:r from *e.r-kek.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ok face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 many, very 2 vile, hooligan 3 to gather, multiply 4 group, crowd face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìíîãî, î÷åíü 2 äóðíîé, õóëèãàí, áàëîâíèê 3 ñîáèðàòü(ñÿ), ðàçìíîæàòü(ñÿ) 4 òîëïà, ìíîæåñòâî face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1 (ÄÒÑ - KB ), c?o:q 2 (MK - Oghuz), c?og|-al- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ok (-g|u) 1, c?og|al- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1 (Sangl. , Oghuz-nama, AH ), c?oq- 3 (Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ox 1, c?oxal- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq (-qu) 4 face="Times New Roman Star"sox 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"s?og| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s?og|yr 4 face="Times New Roman Star"s?oq 'äðóæíî' face="Times New Roman Star"c?oju 4, c?oq-la-n- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq 1, c?og|y 4 (K) face="Times New Roman Star"s?oq 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 113, EDT 405, 406. The Oghuz adverb 'much', in the 12th c. (KB ) 'very, extremely', is probably the same word as c?oq 'bad, vile'(Ogh. 11) (cf. also the Tuva parallel). Turk. > Mong. (Khalkha) cox in cox xara 'very black'. The identification of c?oq-(la-) 'gather, collect' with c?og|-la- 'to bind, pack' (ÄÒÑ ) or c?oq- 'to bend' (EDT ) is rather dubious. Vocalic length is unclear (cf. the voicing of -k- in Western Oghuz).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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